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523is an odd number,as it is not divisible by 2
The factors for 523 are all the numbers between -523 and 523 , which divide 523 without leaving any remainder. Since 523 divided by -523 is an integer, -523 is a factor of 523 .
Since 523 divided by -523 is a whole number, -523 is a factor of 523
Since 523 divided by -1 is a whole number, -1 is a factor of 523
Since 523 divided by 1 is a whole number, 1 is a factor of 523
Multiples of 523 are all integers divisible by 523 , i.e. the remainder of the full division by 523 is zero. There are infinite multiples of 523. The smallest multiples of 523 are:
0 : in fact, 0 is divisible by any integer, so it is also a multiple of 523 since 0 × 523 = 0
523 : in fact, 523 is a multiple of itself, since 523 is divisible by 523 (it was 523 / 523 = 1, so the rest of this division is zero)
etc.
It is possible to determine using mathematical techniques whether an integer is prime or not.
for 523, the answer is: yes, 523 is a prime number because it only has two different divisors: 1 and itself (523).
To know the primality of an integer, we can use several algorithms. The most naive is to try all divisors below the number you want to know if it is prime (in our case 523). We can already eliminate even numbers bigger than 2 (then 4 , 6 , 8 ...). Besides, we can stop at the square root of the number in question (here 22.869 ). Historically, the Eratosthenes screen (which dates back to Antiquity) uses this technique relatively effectively.
More modern techniques include the Atkin screen, probabilistic tests, or the cyclotomic test.
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